Because of the current level of obesity in the United States and elsewhere, these studies have often received a lot of attention in the popular press. However, what is often not emphasized in these stories is that most of these studies have been done in rodents where the amount of fructose provided in the diet is often well above 25% of total calories, which is a tremendously high amount of fructose and probably a very unbalanced diet. To develop a more accurate picture of the impact of dietary fructose consumption on body weight and human health when consumed in a normal manner, nutrition researchers recently conducted a thorough analysis of the scientific literature[1]. The study investigators reported that fructose consumption was NOT linked to any increase in food intake nor any increase in body weight in overweight and obese individuals compared to other carbohydrates when eaten in normal amounts (that is, when not eaten in excess). The results of this new data analysis concur with the results of a similar analysis in normal weight individuals[2]. In this earlier study, an examination of the data in the published scientific literature showed that consumption of fructose in the diet at amounts as high as the 95th percentile of intake did NOT cause any relevant changes in body weight. Taken together, these two studies indicate that consumption of pure or crystalline fructose in normal dietary amounts, even on the high end of normal amounts, does not cause an increase in food consumption nor an increase in body weight. But what is a normal dietary amount of fructose? A previous study done in 2008 examined data from randomized, controlled studies of pure fructose in an attempt to look at dose effects. This study reported that consumption of fructose in the diet at levels below 100 grams of fructose per day had no impact on body weight. Fructose is a natural, simple sugar found in fruits and vegetables as well as their juices. Pure fructose and high fructose corn syrup are often used as interchangeable terms in the media, leading to confusion regarding their potential roles in the obesity epidemic. However, as these recent research studies have shown, pure fructose, when consumed in normal amounts as part of a balanced diet, has no effect on body weight. Furthermore, fructose is a low-glycemic sugar, meaning that it won't cause rapid blood sugars spikes, which are often associated with hunger cravings. Overall, these studies show that fructose appears to be a good sweetener choice with little, if any, impact on body weight.
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Over the last couple of years, a number of studies have suggested that dietary intake of pure fructose, which is different than high fructose corn syrup, might increase a person's risk for obesity.
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